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The genetic test is a powerful diagnostic tool targeting DNA and RNA, now widely used not only in diagnosis of cancers, infectious disease, genetic disease, but also ABO genotyping, HLA typing, and forensic medicine. Even though a genetic test is of an important diagnostic value, the technical difficulty and expense make it difficult for it to completely replace the standard tests. As it is a test of high sensitivity, there is a possibility of misjudgment by errors in sample. Supplementary tests such as morphology analysis or tissue pathology may be helpful in such cases. The automation of molecular－genetic diagnostic methods such as PCR, DNA sequencing, and DNA chip will help genetic tests highlighted in laboratories in the near future.
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